Analysis of Pressure Vessel Plate Technology

As a core component of pressure vessels, the key technology of pressure vessel plates lies in material selection and structural design. Modern engineering often uses Q345R low-alloy steel or 06Ni9DR low-temperature steel, which are rolled into shape by plate rolling machines and then welded using longitudinal/circumferential welding processes to ensure balanced mechanical properties in the axial and circumferential directions of the cylindrical shell. In special working conditions, a three-layer composite structure is used, such as a combination of an outer tank wall (Q345R), a middle tank wall (insulation layer), and an inner tank wall (06Ni9DR).

In terms of manufacturing processes, there are two mainstream solutions: single-layer rolled and welded and multi-layer wrapped. Single-layer structures ensure uniform wall thickness by controlling the rolling accuracy of the steel plate (±0.5mm), while multi-layer structures use staggered synchronous installation technology to achieve the integration of the cold insulation layer and the pressure-bearing layer. The current crystal inner liner technology uses a steel-crystal composite process, combining 1.2-2mm steel plates with 3-4mm polymer layers, which maintains strength and solves corrosion hazards.

Quality control needs to focus on non-destructive testing of welds (RT/UT) and pressure testing (1.5 times the design pressure). New anti-corrosion technologies such as modified polymer coatings can extend the service life to more than 12 years, while the spherical head design can reduce edge stress by 30%. The future development trend is the integration of intelligent monitoring systems and self-healing materials.