What is a camshaft?

The camshaft is a core component of the engine's valvetrain, responsible for controlling the opening and closing of the valves and ensuring proper intake and exhaust flow.

The camshaft's surface is designed with specially shaped cams, which rotate to push the valve rocker arms or push rods, precisely controlling the timing and lift of the valves.

Based on their placement, camshafts are categorized as overhead camshafts (OHC) and side camshafts (OHV).

Modern vehicles often use an overhead camshaft design to reduce transmission losses and improve responsiveness. Some high-performance engines also feature dual overhead camshafts (DOHC), which control the intake and exhaust valves separately to optimize combustion efficiency.

Camshafts are typically made of cast iron or alloy steel and heat-treated for wear resistance. Their operating condition directly impacts engine power output, fuel economy, and emissions, making them a key component for efficient engine operation.