Standardized HSE Risk Management Process for Crude Oil Tank Cleaning Operations

HSE risk management for crude oil tank cleaning operations must follow a standardized process: 1) Implement triple isolation (physical isolation + energy isolation + electrical isolation) before operation, and the oxygen content in the tank must be continuously monitored and stabilized in the range of 8%-12%; 2) Use an intelligent monitoring system to track hydrogen sulfide concentration (threshold ≤ 10ppm) and combustible gas concentration (≤ 10%LEL) in real time, and simultaneously activate the foam suppression device; 3) Equip a five-level emergency response system, including explosion-proof tools (spark energy ≤ 20mJ), dual-channel respirators (spare rate ≥ 240%) and lightning protection shelters 200 meters away.

Typical risk scenarios include: 1) High-pressure nozzles (pressure ≤ 75MPa) may cause electrostatic sparks when removing sludge, and the grounding resistance must be ensured to be ＜8Ω; 2) The inert nitrogen injection rate must be controlled at 4m³/min to avoid tank deformation due to overpressure; 3) Hazardous waste transfer must be matched with HW08 qualified fleets, and the entire loading process must be video recorded and archived. In the operation of a 100,000 m³ storage tank, the operation was urgently stopped due to leakage of the manhole cover because the torque tightening standard (ASME B16.5 300lb class) was not strictly implemented.

Key points for implementing the standardized process: 1) Establish a digital twin model to rehearse operation steps, and the error rate must be ＜5%; 2) Use a three-color risk dashboard for dynamic management (red/yellow/green zones correspond to shutdown/rectification/operation status); 3) Implement a post-linked traceability system, and accountability will be initiated if the deviation of oil recovery rate exceeds ±4%. Pass the GB18564 standard acceptance to ensure that the residue in hidden areas is ≤ 5kg, and the tank wall thickness detection deviation is ＜20%.