Optimization Research on Insulation Systems for Crude Oil Storage Tanks in Arctic Low-Temperature Environments

Crude oil storage tanks in Arctic low-temperature environments face extreme temperature challenges (winter -20℃ to -40℃, minimum -52℃), requiring solutions for permafrost foundation settlement, material low-temperature embrittlement, and increased heat loss. Traditional insulation systems use rock wool/polyurethane materials with composite structural designs (such as ZS-211+ZS-221 coating combinations), but they have risks of thermal bridging and seal aging.

The optimization scheme focuses on three aspects: 1) Material upgrade, using polyurethane insulated steel pipes (thermal conductivity 0.033W/m·k) combined with nano-coatings to suppress heat loss below -50℃; 2) Structural innovation, a double-walled design with a 0.5m annular inspection channel, integrating fiber optic sensors to achieve 0.1mm crack monitoring; 3) Intelligent control, a dynamic heating system based on PID algorithm enables a 30% reduction in energy consumption.

Practical applications show that the optimized system reduces heat loss by 35%, reduces maintenance costs by 25%, and extends the service life to 30 years. A certain Arctic project adopted prefabricated modular construction, shortening the construction period by 40%, and comprehensively meeting the requirements of API 650 and GB 50341 standards.