Matching Common Materials and Welding Processes for Axial Fan Housings

Carbon steel housings are mainly used for splicing (such as welding cylindrical sections to flanges) and medium-thick plate structures. Arc welding (MIG/MAG) and shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) can be used.
- MIG welding is highly efficient and suitable for medium-thick plates (3-20mm). It uses CO₂ or mixed gas protection and has a large penetration depth.
- SMAW is highly flexible and suitable for on-site repairs, but the weld formation is relatively poor.

For stainless steel thin-walled housings (<3mm) and aluminum alloy precision component welding (such as connecting guide vanes to the housing), TIG welding and laser welding can be used.
- TIG welding (tungsten inert gas welding) has a small heat-affected zone and is suitable for thin-walled (<5mm) stainless steel housings. Filler wire is required.
- Laser welding has high precision and a narrow weld seam (0.1-0.5mm), making it suitable for fans with high sealing requirements (such as food-grade equipment).

Advantages of Laser Welding:
1. Extremely small heat-affected zone (<0.1mm), suitable for high-precision housings (such as sealing welding of fan impellers and housings), with deformation controllable within 0.05mm.
2. Fast speed (up to 1-5m/min), suitable for mass production, with weld strength close to the base material.